填料密封在离心泵中得到广泛的应用。近年来，它的形式很多

为较常见的压流填料型的域料盒，它是由轴时套1、填料2、水时管3、水封环4及压盖5等五个部件所组成。

填料又名盘根，在轴时装置中起着阻水或阻气的密封作用。常用的填料是浸油、浸石墨的石棉绳培料。近年来，随着工业发展，出现了各种耐高温、耐磨损以及耐强腐蚀的填料，如用碳素纤维、不锈纲纤维及合成树脂纤维编织成的填料等。为了提高密封效果，填料绳一般做成矩形断面。填料是用压盖来压紧的。压盖又叫“格兰”，它对填料的压紧程度可拧松拧紧压益上的螺栓来进行调节，如图2-4中14所示。压盖压得太松，达不到密封效果，压得太紧，泵轴与填料的机械磨损大，消耗功率也大。如果压得过紧时，甚至可能造成抱轴现象，产生产重的发热和磨损。一般以水封管内水能够通过填料缝隙呈滴状渗出为宜。泵壳内的压力水由水封管经水封环中的小孔(图2-8)流人轴与填料间的原面，起着引水冷却与润滑的作用。

填料密封结构简单，运行可靠。但填料的寿命不长，对有毒、有腐蚀性及重的液体不能保证不泄湿。如发电厂的锅炉给水泵，需输送高温高压水，而务的转速又高，若用填料密封则很难使泵正常工作。

Packing seals are widely used in centrifugal pumps. In recent years, it has taken many forms

A common pressure flow packing type material box is composed of five components: shaft timing sleeve 1, packing 2, water timing pipe 3, water sealing ring 4, and gland 5.

Filler, also known as packing, plays a sealing role in preventing water or gas in the shaft timing device. The commonly used fillers are asbestos rope materials soaked in oil or graphite. In recent years, with the development of industry, various high-temperature, wear-resistant, and strong corrosion resistant fillers have emerged, such as fillers woven from carbon fibers, stainless steel fibers, and synthetic resin fibers. In order to improve the sealing effect, the packing rope is generally made into a rectangular cross-section. The packing is tightly pressed with a gland. The gland, also known as "gland", can adjust the tightness of the packing by loosening and tightening the bolts on the gland, as shown in Figure 2-4, Figure 14. If the gland is pressed too loosely, the sealing effect cannot be achieved. If it is pressed too tightly, the mechanical wear of the pump shaft and packing is large, and the power consumption is also high. If pressed too tightly, it may even cause the phenomenon of holding the shaft, resulting in weight generation heat and wear. It is generally recommended that the water inside the water sealed pipe can seep out in a droplet like manner through the filling gap. The pressure water inside the pump casing flows from the water seal pipe through the small holes in the water seal ring (Figure 2-8) to the original surface between the shaft and the packing, playing a role in guiding water for cooling and lubrication.

The packing seal has a simple structure and reliable operation. However, the lifespan of the filler is not long, and it cannot guarantee that it will not leak moisture for toxic, corrosive, and heavy liquids. For example, the boiler feed pump in a power plant needs to transport high-temperature and high-pressure water, and the rotating speed of the pump is high. If the pump is sealed with packing, it is difficult to make it work properly.